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INNSA SGSIN
Textiles

Mumbai to Singapore freight CO2 emissions

One tonne of cargo shipped Mumbai (INNSA) to Singapore (SGSIN) by sea emits 36 kg CO2e well-to-wake at GLEC v3.2 default factors. The same tonne by air emits 2,383.4 kg — roughly 66x the sea number.

Lane noteIndia-Southeast Asia trunk via Nhava Sheva (JNPT) — transits the Arabian Sea and Malacca Strait. Singapore acts as the relay hub for onward East Asia and Trans-Pacific routes; 8-10 day sailings on the direct service.

Per-tonne CO2e by mode

Sea freight

Container ship 3,000-8,000 TEU

36
kg CO2e
Distance
4,800 km
Factor (WTW)
7.5 g CO2e/tkm
Per shipment
1 t × 4,800 km
Factor source
GLEC v3.2 container 8,000-15,000 TEU (Post-Panamax, WTW)

Air freight

Long-haul belly cargo

2,383.4
kg CO2e
Distance
3,920 km
Factor (WTW)
608 g CO2e/tkm
Per shipment
1 t × 3,920 km
Factor source
GLEC v3.2 long-haul belly cargo allocation (WTW)

Mode comparison

On the Mumbai to Singapore lane, air freight emits about 66 times more CO2e per tonne than sea freight at GLEC v3.2 defaults. The gap is driven by the WTW factor difference between long-haul belly cargo (608 g CO2e/tkm) and a Container ship 3,000-8,000 TEU (7.5 g CO2e/tkm), partly offset by the shorter great-circle air routing.

Try this in the calculator

These numbers are GLEC v3.2 defaults at 1 tonne. Change weight, vessel class, or load factor in the calculator and see the per-mode CO2e update under ISO 14083:2023 data quality tiers.

Methodology references

Need primary-data emissions for Mumbai to Singapore?

The EcoFreight API ingests AIS, bunker delivery notes, and shipment manifests to return ISO 14083 Tier 3 primary-data numbers for the same lane. Free tier covers 1,000 calculations per month.